This book proposes to offer a solution to the tension in the Church around the teaching of Pope Paul VI in Humanae Vitae that continues to this day. The book covers the dissent that began immediately and develops a theology of magisterium that justifies dissent from non-infallible teaching in the Church. The book then goes on to examine the encyclical and reaches the conclusion that Pope Paul was correct in his judgment on the substantive issue but that there is a flaw in the reasoning of the encyclical that explains, at least in part, the on-going dissent.