Representing a cooperative effort between archaeologists and New Testament Scholars, this volume presents a full account of all archaeological finds related to Philippi as it existed in the early Roman imperial period. In addition, it contains a discussion of the consequences of the discovery in Philippi of the early fourth-century Basilika of Paul and the subsequent construction of an octagon around an older tomb of a hero, suggesting that a cult of the martyr Paul flourished in Philippi during the fourth, fifth, and sixth centuries. The volume also includes the first-ever publication of a recently discovered inscription mentioning a Jewish synagogue, photographs, and illustrations. Contents: Introduction by Helmut Koester Colonia Iulia Philippensis by Chaido Koukouli-Chrysantaki Paul and Philippi: The Archaeological Evidence by Charalambos Bakirtzis Paul and Philippi: The Evidence from Early Christian Literature by Helmut Koester Dead Paul: The Apostle as Martyr in Philippi by Allen Dwight Callahan