The kingdom of God functions as a key theme that clarifies the direction of redemptive history. The canonical narrative portrays God's dealing with humanity on both individual and corporate levels. Throughout the history of the church, many have claimed that national Israel is best read as a type of an eschatological consummation of individuals drawn from all nations. However, does the direction of redemptive history consummate with a redemption of individuals or does it include national entities? Do the promises to national Israel become fulfilled typologically through a singular corporate reality or in a multinational kingdom, which includes national Israel? In The Multinational Kingdom in Isaiah, Andrew H. Kim addresses arguments from those who claim that Isaiah serves as a turning point in which national distinctions are erased in the eschatological kingdom. Kim argues that Isaiah envisions a multinational kingdom comprised of Israelites and gentiles with national and territorial distinctions.