Russian Baptists and the Orthodox Church have had a difficult and, on occasion, dramatic relationship over the past 150 years. Despite the evident dissimilarity,in theology, church practice and traditions, there is common ground, which has been largely unexplored. Focusing mainly on 1960 to 1990 the author investigates the differences and similarities between the two denominations, recognising a significant Orthodox orientation among Russian Baptists in their theology, spiritual mentality and culture.