Using social identity theory, Esler and Piper set out what social identity theory actually means, how it works, and how it applies to John's Gospel. They then show how their ecclesiological reading of the Lazarus story finds confirmation in the catacomb art from Rome.

The book includes four pages of full-color illustrations from the catacombs and concludes by setting out some of the theological dimensions of the investigation, and ultimately provides fresh theological insight into this New Testament text.