The work aims to provide an overview of the debate between communitarians and liberals. To this end, the authors Alasdair MacIntyre and Michael Sandel were chosen as representatives of communitarianism and John Rawls as the leading exponent of contemporary liberalism, alongside the inclusion of authors who have sought to bridge these currents in light of the considerable weakening of the debate between liberals and communitarians caused by John Rawls's revisions in 'Political Liberalism'. Furthermore, with the aim of proceeding chronologically through the debate between contemporary political-philosophical currents, following the presentation of perspectives dating back to Kant and Aristotle, the Hegelian idea of the dialectic of recognition is presented, as expounded by its best-known advocate, Axel Honneth. Subsequently, the perspective of Nancy Fraser is outlined; she is an author who sought to reconcile the ideas of distributive justice and the dialectic of recognition. Finally, attention is drawn to certain problems encountered in Brazilian society where both distributive policies and policies of recognition prove inapplicable.