This volume investigates the precise contours of the connections between the two foundational concepts of reference (the means of semantically expressing singular or object-dependent information) and structure (the having or lacking of meaningful sub-parts). Sullivan shows that the notion of structure, properly excavated, underlies and grounds various important points in the theory of reference. This work builds on and further develops work by Bertrand Russell, Saul Kripke, David Kaplan, and Stephen Neale.