This groundbreaking work moves beyond simplistic East-West binaries to offer a nuanced genealogical study of "harmony" as the core of Chinese order and "struggle" as the driving force of Western transcendence. Employing a innovative "family resemblance" framework, it reveals surprising commonalities beneath civilizational differences. Uniquely, the book integrates art history and literary analysis, treating paintings and texts as vital "civilizational codes" to construct a compelling "visual-literary evidence chain." This method provides a dynamic, three-dimensional comparison that critiques both models while exploring their creative integration. Ultimately, it presents a dialogue-oriented vision for civilizational mutual learning, offering Chinese "harmony" wisdom as a vital resource for humanity's shared future.