The Kingdom of God Is Within You: Christianity Not As a Mystic Religion, But As a New Theory of Life

"The Kingdom of God Is Within You" is a philosophical work by the renowned Russian author Leo Tolstoy, written between 1892 and 1894. In this book, Tolstoy explores his evolving views on Christianity and presents a radical interpretation of its teachings. The title is taken from a quote in the Gospel of Luke, where Jesus says, "The kingdom of God is within you."

Tolstoy's central thesis is that true Christianity is not an external institution or a set of rituals but a personal and internal moral code. He argues against organized religion, specifically the institutionalized and hierarchical form of Christianity prevalent in his time. Tolstoy criticizes the church for its deviation from the teachings of Jesus, whom he regards as a moral and spiritual teacher rather than a divine figure.

The author advocates for a Christianity that emphasizes love, nonviolence, and the rejection of material wealth. Tolstoy takes a strong stance against violence, including state-sponsored violence such as war and capital punishment. He argues that true Christianity requires individuals to live by the principle of non-resistance to evil, even in the face of injustice and violence.

Tolstoy's ideas in "The Kingdom of God Is Within You" had a profound influence on later figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., who drew inspiration from his philosophy of nonviolent resistance. The book, however, was met with controversy and condemnation by both the Russian Orthodox Church and the government, leading to its banning in Russia.

Overall, "The Kingdom of God Is Within You" is a passionate and challenging exploration of Christian philosophy, morality, and the role of organized religion in society. Tolstoy's ideas in the book reflect his deep spiritual and moral convictions and have left a lasting impact on discussions about faith, ethics, and the pursuit of a meaningful life.