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Angel Veneration and Christology

A Study in Early Judaism and in the Christology of the Apocalypse of John [Paperback]

by Loren T. Stuckenbruck

Author
Loren T. Stuckenbruck
Book Format
Paperback
Publisher
Baylor University Press
Published
July 2017

Loren T Stuckenbruck

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Angel Veneration and Christology

Today's Price £42.16

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Angel Veneration and Christology

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Product Description

The public worship of the risen Christ as depicted in Johns Apocalypse directly contradicts the guiding angels emphasis that only God should be worshiped (Revelation 19:10; 22:8-9). In Angel Veneration and Christology, Loren Stuckenbruck explores this contradiction in light of angel veneration in Early Judaism. Stuckenbruck surveys a wide variety of Jewish traditions related to angelic worship and discovers proscriptions against sacrificing to angels; prohibitions against making images of angels; rejections of the two powers; second-century Christian apologetic accusations specifically directed against Jews; and, most importantly, the refusal tradition, widespread in Jewish and Jewish-Christian writings, wherein angelic messengers refuse the veneration of the seer and exhort the worship of God alone. While evidence for the practice of angel veneration among Jews of antiquity (Qumran, pseudepigraphal literature, and inscriptions from Asia Minor) does not furnish the immediate background for the worship of Christ, Stuckenbruck demonstrates that the very fact that safeguards to a monotheistic framework were issued at all throws light on the Christian practice of worshiping Jesus. The way the Apocalypse adapts the refusal tradition illuminates Revelations declarations about and depictions of Jesus. Though the refusal tradition itself only safeguards the worship of God, Stuckenbruck traces how the tradition has been split so that the angelophanic elements were absorbed into the christophany. As Stuckenbruck shows, an angelomorphic Christology, shared by the author of Revelation and its readers, functions to preserve the authors monotheistic emphasis as well as to emphasize Christs superiority over the angelssetting the stage for the worship of the Lamb in a monotheistic framework that does not contradict the angelic directive to worship God alone.