For centuries, the opening of Luke 3:2 has presented a baffling institutional enigma: how could two men, Annas and Caiaphas, simultaneously hold the singular office of High Priest? This "dual high priesthood" is a direct contradiction of Jewish law, leading many to question the historical accuracy of Luke's Gospel. While the popular "de jure/de facto" theory has become the modern academic consensus-casting Annas as the power behind the scenes-this solution often relies more on common-sense deduction than on primary source evidence.

Alexander M. Frazier reopens the case. By looking past traditional rationalizations and diving into the intersection of Roman provincial administration and Jewish dating conventions, Frazier uncovers a forgotten institutional reality. Far from being a historical error, Luke's phrasing reveals a remarkably precise command of the era's political landscape. The Dual High Priests of Luke 3:2 offers a compelling restoration of the text's credibility, providing a solution that is as historically robust as it is simple.