This volume discusses the Iranian influence on Second Temple Judaism. Dobroruka starts his investigation with an overview of the problems posed by a dualistic worldview - he examines the Indo-European origins of Zoroaster and his ideas, the long-term implications for the notion of free-will, as well as clarifying the lightness/darkness paradigm that originated in Persia. Following this, Dobroruka discusses a variety of concepts that illustrate this influence, namely the perspectives on the rewards for the just and the opposing punishments for the wicked, the idea of an 'Anointed One', the visionary experience of shamanistic type, the resurrection, and the concepts of sheol and Paradise.