When the apostle Paul sat down to write his letter to the church in Rome, he did not reach for a systematic theology textbook. He reached for Scripture. From the opening lines of Romans through its magnificent doxological conclusion, Paul's letter reverberates with the voices of Moses and the prophets, with the anguished cries of the psalmists and the soaring promises of Isaiah. Yet what emerges is not a mere anthology of quotations, nor even a clever assemblage of proof texts marshaled in defense of predetermined theological positions. What emerges is something far more profound: a work of literary art in which the ancient words of Israel's Scripture become the very medium through which Paul constructs new meaning, forges new arguments, and imagines new possibilities for the people of God.

This book contends that Paul's engagement with Jewish Scripture transcends the categories of apologetics and theological argumentation that have traditionally dominated scholarly discussion. While these dimensions of Paul's work remain important, they represent only a partial view of his scriptural practice. To read Paul solely as a theologian mining Scripture for proof texts, or even as an exegete applying established interpretive principles to authoritative texts, is to miss the artistry of his achievement. Paul is, among other things, a literary artist who works with Scripture as a painter works with color, as a composer works with sound, as a sculptor works with stone. The ancient texts become his medium, and through their artful arrangement, juxtaposition, and transformation, Paul creates something genuinely new while remaining in profound continuity with his scriptural tradition.