When the writing of Latin biblical commentaries was still in its infancy, a young bishop from Poitiers, in Gaul, penned a passage-by-passage exposition on the Gospel of Matthew. It is the first of its kind to have survived almost completely intact. Published now for the first time in English translation, Hilarys commentary offers a close look at Latin theology and exegesis before the Nicene Creed was considered the sole standard of orthodoxy.