"The Testament of Solomon" is presented here for the first time in a complete German translation based on McCown's edition of the text, up to now regarded as the authoritative version, and taking full account of the Greek textual variants. A detailed introduction and commentary place the text in its historical religious context, presenting it not as a Jewish text with subsequent Christian revisions, but as a genuinely Christian text from the 4th century, maybe as the first Christian demonology altogether.